Weather and Climate (Class -5) Questions and Answers

Weather and Climate (Class - 5) Questions and Answers

New Words to Know

Altitude : The height of an object or structure above a reference level, usually above sea level
Humidity: The moisture in the air
Moisture : The water vapour in the air that makes it difficult for sweat to dry or wet clothes to dry quickly

Points to Remember

Weather is a temporary condition of the atmosphere.
Climate is a weather condition that remains for a long period of time in a particular place.
Winds, altitude, distance from the sea, latitude, humidity and rainfall are the various factors that affect the climate of a place.
The earth is divided into three climatic or heat zones. These are the Torrid Zone, the Temperate Zone and the Frigid Zone.
Climate of a place plays a vital role in the lifestyle, food habits and dressing sense of the people of that place.

Tick (✓) the correct answer.

1. The height of a structure above the sea level is called-
a. Latitude b. Altitude [✓] c. longitude
2. The areas near the equator are the-
a. Hottest [✓] b. Coldest c. none of these
3. The winds that come from Rajasthan bring-
a. cold weather b. hot weather [✓] c. none of these
4. The breeze coming from the sea is called-
a. sea breeze [✓] b. land breeze c. none of these

Fill in the blanks.

1. In India, the cold winds come from the Himalayas.
2. The moisture present in the air makes the air humid.
3. On a globe, we can see the Torrid Zone around the equator.
4. Frigid Zone is the coldest climatic zone.

Short descriptions:

Weather - Temporary conditions of the atmosphere. It could change from hour to hour or even day to day.
Climate - It is an average weather condition. It remains constant (Say 35-40 years)
Factors affecting climate - Latitude, Altitude, Winds, Distance from the sea, humidity and rainfall.
Altitude - Height above the sea level the temperature decreases at the rate of 1° Centigrade with an increase of every 165m. This is also known as lapse rate.
Winds - The winds bring with them the temperature and weather of the place from where they come.
Breeze - The gentle moving air is called Breeze.
Land Breeze - The air blowing at night, from land to sea is called land breeze. It's normally dry air.
Sea Breeze - The air blowing during day time, from sea to land is called sea breeze. It carries moisture.
Climatic zones - On the basis of the differences in the Temperature and rainfall, the entire earth is divided into three Climatic or heat Zones.
Latitude - Distance from the equator.

Short answer questions.

1. What do the monsoon winds do?

The monsoon winds are seasonal winds and cause rain in our country between June and September

2. Why are areas around the equator the hottest?

The Sun rays fall directly or vertically on The equator and cover a smaller area, Thus the areas around the equator are the hottest.

3. What is moderate climate?

The climate that is neither too hot in summers nor too cold in winters is called moderate climate.

4. What is land breeze?

In the coastal areas, the winds which blows from the land to the sea at night is called Land breeze.

5. Why do the coastal areas have a humid climate?

As the rate of evaporation is high above the sea, the air contains large amounts of Water-Vapour. Thus the coastal areas have a humid climate.

Long Questions.

1. What is the difference between weather and climate?

The difference between weather and climate is that the weather is always Changing where as the climate prevails same for a long period of time.

2. How does altitude affect the climate of a place?

The temperature decreases at a rate of 1°c for every 165m increase of altitude. Close to the earth's surface, the layers of air are dense, which absorbs the heat. As we move on to higher altitudes, the layers of air become thinner, thus the heat absorbed is less. This is how altitude affects the climate of a place.

3. Write any three differences between weather and climate.

Weather	Climate
i) Daily change of atmospheric conditions	i) Atmospheric conditions recorded over a long period of time. (Say 35-40 years)
ii) Always changing.	ii) Remains constant for a long period of time.
iii) Involves the study of temperature, pressure, winds, rain, sunshine, cloud cover.	(iii) Involves the study of daily weather recordings over a long period of time.
iv) Meteorology is the study of weather.	iv) Climatology is the study of climate.

What do you mean by weather?

Weather means the changes that keep taking place in the atmosphere.

Why are the mornings and evenings cooler than noon?

The mornings and evenings are cooler than noon because the Sun is near the horizon and its rays fall slantingly and cover a larger area.

Why are all places on the Earth not equally hot?

All places on the Earth are not equally hot because of the following reasons:
i) Revolution of the Earth around the Sun.
ii) The spherical shape of the Earth.
iii) Inclined axis of the Earth etc.

Shimla and Ferozepur have almost the same latitude or distance from the Equator is almost the same, yet Shimla is much cooler. Why?

Because, Shimla is situated at a higher altitude than Ferozepur.

Why is Delhi Colder than Kolkata?

Because Delhi is located farther away from the sea.

What is the Torrid Zone? Why does it always remain hot?

The Torrid Zone is a region of Earth located near the equator, between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn. It is known for its hot climate throughout the year.

Where does the Temperate Zone lie? What is the climate of this zone like?

The Temperate Zone lies between the Tropic of Cancer and the Arctic Circle in the Northern Hemisphere, and between the Tropic of Capricorn and the Antarctic Circle in the Southern Hemisphere. The climate of this zone is moderate, with four distinct seasons: spring, summer, autumn, and winter.

5. Where is the Frigid Zone? Why does it always remain cold?

The Frigid Zone is the area of Earth located around the North Pole in the Northern Hemisphere and around the South Pole in the Southern Hemisphere. It is always cold because these areas receive less direct sunlight due to their high latitudes, leading to lower temperatures.