Class 5 (SST) Conquering Distances - Questions and Answers

Covering Distance.

New Words to Know

Concrete : A building material made from a mixture of broken stone or gravel, cement, sand and water, which can be spread or poured into moulds and forms a stone-like mass on hardening
Heritage : Something that is passed down from preceding generations, a tradition
Cargo : Goods carried on a ship

Points to Remember

➧ Early human beings covered distances on foot or on the back of animals like horse and mule.
➧ The invention of the wheel helped them to cover the distances in much less time as well as comfortably.
➧ Today, we use many kinds of transport. They can be classified mainly into roadways, waterways and airways.
➧ Bicycles, scooters, bikes, cars, buses, trucks etc. are some popular means of road transport.
➧ Trains run on a railway track. India's railway network is the fourth largest railway network in the world and second largest railway network in Asia after China.
➧ Aeroplane is the fastest but costliest mode of transport. There are two types of airlines in our country-domestic airlines and international airlines. The airlines are also categorised into government and private
➧ Waterways are cheaper than the other means of transport. A ship can carry hundreds of passengers and tonnes of goods with ease.
➧ Refrigerated ships are used to transport perishable products like milk products, meat, fish, fruits and vegetables.
➧ India's major seaports are well connected with all parts of the world.
➧ Ganga and Brahmaputra of India, Hwang Ho and Yangtse Kiang of China, Rhine and Danube of Europe and Amazon of North America are the busiest waterways of the world.
➧ Suez Canal was completed in 1869. It joins the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea. Using this canal, one can reach India from England in just 15 days.
➧ We cannot deny the importance of modern-day transportation. But it has many disadvantages too. It causes air pollution, sound pollution, diseases etc.
EXERCISE

Tick (✔) the correct answer.

Which of the following is an example of land transport?
a. Tonga [✓] b. Boat c. Helicopter
Pucca roads are made of-
a. Metal b. Concrete c. both of these [✓]
The road system that will connect Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata is named as-
a. G.T. Road [✓] b. Trunk road c. Golden quadrilateral
What is the length of the Panama canal?
a. 65 b. 82 [✓] c. 90
The first steam engine was invented by-
a. Thomas Newcomen [✓] b. James Watt c. Wright Brothers

Fill in the blanks.

1 . India's railway network is the fourth/4th largest in the world.
2. The first aeroplane was made in 1903 by the Wright Brothers
3. The airlines that connect cities within India are called domestic airlines.
4. CNG is a non-polluting fuel.
The first train in India run from Bombay to Thane
The first aeroplane named The Flyer stayed in air for 12 seconds and covered a distance of 230 metres.
There are more than 100 civil airports in India.
Roads connecting major cities of a country are called Highways / Freeways / Expressways.
Underground railway system is called the Metro
The busiest sea route in the world is the North Atlantic Sea route
Vande-Bharat Express is the fastest train in India.
The Ganga is a navigable river in India.

Short answer questions.

Name a heritage train of India.

The Palace on wheels is a heritage train of India.

Name two superfast trains of India.

Rajdhani Express and Shatabdi Express are two superfast trains of India.

Which cities does the Grand Orient Express Connect?

The Grand Orient express connects Paris of France with Istanbul of Turkey.

Why are waterways cheaper than the other means of transport?

Waterways are cheaper than the other means of transport as there is no expense of making roads or laying down the railway tracks.

Name two private airlines of India.

SpiceJet and Indigo are two private airlines of India.

Which road connects India to Pakistan?

Grand Trunk Road connects from Kolkata (India) to Peshawar (Pakistan).

Mention some advantages of the Railway.

Some advantages of Railway are as follow :-
1) They are useful for carrying bulk goods as well as a large number of people over long distances.
ii) It is the most popular means of transport in India.

What are ships mainly used for?

Ships are mainly used for transporting bulky goods such as minerals ores, food grains, petroleum etc.

How is the Suez canal useful for India?

Suez canal has considerably reduced the time taken to go to England from India. It takes 15 days to go there, Earlier it would take 6 months.

Name two major ports of India.

Mumbai and Chennai are two major ports of India.

What is the longest railway track in the world?

The Trans - Siberian railway track which runs from St. Petersburg (European Russia) to Vladivostok (Asian Russia).

Answer the following questions.

With time, a lot has changed in transportation. Elaborate.

Early human beings used to cover distances on foot or on the back of animals. It was not only slow but also discomfortable. After inventing wheels, they were able to cover distances in much less time as well as comfortably. From then much technological advancement on transportation took place. As a result, today we get better and modern means of transportation like superfast trains, Supersonic jets etc. So we can say, with time, a lot has changed in transportation.

What are international highways? Mention some international roads of India.

The road that connect our country to another country are called International highways .Some International roads of India are-

i) Hindustan Tibet Road - this road connected India to China.
ii) Grand Tank Road - this road runs from Kolkata to Peshawar in Pakistan.
iii) India-Nepal Friendship Highway - This road links India to Nepal.

3. Differentiate between government airlines and private airlines as well as domes airlines and international airlines.

Differentiate between government airlines and private airlines

Government Airlines	Private Airlines
i) It is owned by the government Itself.	i) It is owned by an individual or an Institution.
ii) All the decisions related to its fare, routes are taken by the govt only.	ⅱ) Decisions related to its fare, routes are taken by that individual or institution that runs it.

Differentiate between Domestic airlines and International Airlines

Domestic Airlines	International Airlines
i) It operates within the territorial boundary of a country.	i) It operates outside the territorial of a Country.
ii) It is used for short haul travel	ii) It is used for long haul travel.

Write what you know about the Panama Canal.

Panama Canal is a constructed waterway that Connects the Atlantic Ocean with the pacific ocean. This 82 km long canal was completed in 1914. It can be crossed in just 8 hours by a ship. Earlier, it had to go around the southern tip of South America to go the Pacific Ocean from the Atlantic Ocean.

What are the disadvantages of the modern means of transportation?

Modern means of transportation is definitely a boon of science and Technology. But it has some disadvantages too. They are-

i) Increasing number of vehicles is causing an increase in accidents.
ii) They emit poisonous gases that cause air pollution.
iii) The sounds of their horns and engines cause noise pollution.
iv) Various communicable diseases spread through crowd vehicles.

Match the following

A	B
1. Freeways	connects all the major cities of a country.
2. Suez Canal	Built in 1869
3. Hindustan Tibet Road	connects China with India
4. Perishable goods	Carried by aeroplanes
5- Panama Canel	built in 1914
6. Cargo	goods carried on ship